Cystitis is one of the infections in the urinary tract caused by bacterial infection from the area surrounding the urethra. It is more common in women than in men because women have a shorter urethra that is closer to the vagina and anus, making it easier for pathogens to enter the bladder through the urethra.

In contrast, men have a longer urethra that is farther from the anus, significantly reducing the likelihood of bacteria entering the bladder. The most common cause of cystitis is bacterial infection, such as E. coli, which is abundant around the anus and can contaminate the urethra, leading to infection in the bladder.

Pathogens originating from the anus are a significant cause, especially under conditions that facilitate their entry, such as poor hygiene during sexual activity, diabetes, and various urinary tract disorders that can coexist with cystitis.

A common group affected includes office workers who tend to remain seated for long periods and hold their urine for extended durations, as well as individuals who travel long distances and prefer not to use public restrooms. Additionally, not drinking enough water daily can increase the risk of cystitis.

When symptoms arise, many people tend to endure the discomfort or self-medicate by purchasing over-the-counter remedies, viewing it as a minor issue or feeling embarrassed about consulting a doctor. However, it’s essential to recognize that cystitis should not be overlooked, as it can lead to other more severe infections and potentially develop into more serious conditions.

This article will discuss the symptoms of cystitis, the causes leading to the condition, self-care tips to prevent cystitis, and treatment methods.

Symptoms of Cystitis

1. Lower abdominal pain: A dull ache and a burning sensation while urinating, especially towards the end of urination.
2. Incontinence: Difficulty holding urine.
3. Irritation: A feeling of discomfort, pain, or burning during urination.
4. Frequent urination: A need to urinate often, with small amounts of urine each time, as if not fully emptying the bladder.
5. Blood in urine: Blood may be present, particularly at the end of urination.
6. Cloudy urine: Urine may appear cloudy and sometimes have an unusual odor; in severe cases, it may contain blood.

Causes of Cystitis

1. Frequent Urination: Regularly holding in urine can lead to increased bacterial growth and pressure in the bladder, causing the lining to become inflamed and allowing pathogens to establish infection in the bladder.
2. Improper Hygiene: In women, improper or careless cleansing of the genital area after using the restroom can contribute to infection. It is important to wipe from front to back after using the toilet to prevent bacteria from the anal region from entering the urethra.
3. Prostate Enlargement: In men aged 50-60 and older, an enlarged prostate can be a contributing factor, making older men as susceptible to cystitis as older women.

How to Take Care of Yourself to Prevent Cystitis

1. Avoid Holding Urine: Do not hold in urine for extended periods during the day to help flush out bacteria from the body.
2. Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of clean water regularly.
3. Proper Hygiene: Clean the genital area properly after urinating or having a bowel movement.
4. Post-Sexual Hygiene: Clean your body and genital area immediately after sexual intercourse.

Treatment Methods for Cystitis

The main treatment approach is to administer antibiotics for about 3-5 days, depending on the type of medication, along with symptomatic treatment if necessary, such as muscle relaxants for bladder spasms. Patients are also encouraged to drink plenty of water. It is important for patients not to self-medicate, as they may end up taking the wrong medication for the type of infection, which can lead to antibiotic resistance.

Summary: Cystitis

Cystitis is not a minor issue; it is a condition that requires caution, especially among working women, where it is most frequently encountered. It can arise from various factors, but there are preventive measures that can be taken by simply modifying daily habits. We can reduce the risk of developing cystitis by avoiding holding in urine for longer than 6 hours and by drinking plenty of water to flush out bacteria from the body.

Cystitis is a condition associated with behavior, and repeated occurrences can lead to an increased likelihood of encountering drug-resistant bacteria. This may necessitate the use of stronger antibiotics, and it can also develop into pyelonephritis. If you wish to consult with Eternity Clinic, you can contact us at the clinic or inquire via Line OA.

MD. Suebphong Angchoun

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